How does fast dancing affect your heart rate hypothesis

Keywords : dance, emotional state, psychological state, Münsterberg test, Beck anxiety test.

Introduction

Dance has always been present in our lives. A person usually fills the most positive emotions, joy and happy moments with dance movements. There are also expressions that we often use in life: “I danced with happiness” or “You have a five, dance!”. Nowadays there are many dance TV shows, new styles are emerging. Dance culture has always been and still is creative, exciting for strong and creative people. Where did some dance trends come from, what role did they play at a certain stage of development. Does dance affect the emotional state of a person? Indeed, many argue that we express emotion through dance with certain movements: anger - sharp, fast; fearful or very cautious. In this work, we will find out this and much more. nine0003

1.1 Relevance

Electronics and gadgets have recently captured our minds and literally our bodies. Every young person spends a lot of time at the computer. Electronics gave us many opportunities and a large information field, but took away our movement, in this work we will return to the origins of dance culture and prove not only that simple movements can serve as a means of communication, but also that dances affect our internal state. nine0003

1.2 Purpose of work:

To prove that dance can affect a person on a psychological and emotional level, as well as improve attention.

1.3 Tasks.

1) to study the history of the emergence of several types of dance styles

2) find out how dance affects the psycho-emotional state;

3) find out how mindfulness improves after the session.

nine0009 1.4 Hypothesis

Dance has an ancient history and affects activity, and can also improve mindfulness and affect the internal state of a person.

Objects of study: 2 groups of students in grade 10, teenagers from 15 to 17 years old.

Subject of study : influence on the psycho-emotional state

Research methods: Munsterberg test, Beck anxiety test, literature study, practical experience, observation, testing, access to the Internet, questioning, analysis. nine0003

2.1 Dance and its types

In order to understand how dance can affect a person, let's understand the concept of "dance".

Dance is rhythmic and expressive body movements, usually arranged in a certain composition, the performance of which is accompanied by music. The main characteristics of dance are rhythm, dynamics, pattern, technique and emotion. Since ancient times, people have accompanied any phenomenon with a dance, such as the birth of a child, death, the election of a new leader, or the healing of a sick person. nine0003

At the moment, there are many types and styles of dance. They can be divided into several large groups.

The first group is the folk dance. Folklore dance, performed in a natural environment, has traditional movements and rhythms for the area.

Ritual dances are the oldest type of dances performed to the sounds of percussion instruments. The peculiarity of this type is that initially the motive was symbolic values, as a way of conveying spiritual meaning. nine0003

Ballet - this is the name of theatrical performances, the characters with the help of facial movements and dance, show different characters, thoughts and passions. A type of stage dance characterized by facial expressions and plasticity. It is intended for spectators unlike many other species.

Historical dances are dances from past eras that are performed at the present time.

Acrobatic dance is a type of sports dance in which participants compete with the technical performance of dance elements and acrobatic ones. nine0003

Modern dance is modern dance. A type of modern foreign choreography that originated in the late 19th and 20th centuries in the USA and Germany. A dance that rejects classical and traditional ballet forms.

Street dance is a dance whose culture developed outside of dance studios, but on the streets of the city, in parks, clubs and schoolyards. These dances are usually improvised and social in nature.

We can trace that there are many types of dances and they are completely different, in order to study the dances a little more, we will learn their history. nine0003

2. 2 History of the origin of the dance

Even at present, the period when the dance appeared is not known, but we can say with certainty that it was born from ancient times. Scientists have repeatedly found images of dancing people in caves. We can also assume that the dance originated during any activity, be it everyday or festive. We can take folk dances as an example, because even by the name they let us know that these dances were created and introduced by the people. nine0003

Russian folk dance cannot be confused with any other dance. It is distinguished by a large number of jumps, dynamics, tricks and requires good physical preparation. Basically, mass festivities with dancing in Rus' were associated with church holidays: Christmas, Maslenitsa, Ivan Kupala and many others. Consider some of the main varieties characteristic of Russian dance.

The round dance was distributed throughout Russia. Each area brought something new, creating variety in style, composition, and manner of performance. Round dances were performed at different tempos: slow, medium and fast. The basis of the round dance was the performance of a round dance song by all its participants. Dance, song and game were the obligatory components of the round dance. The round dance brought together a large number of participants. Round dances had cult-ritual, social, as well as everyday themes. nine0003

It is interesting that in different regions of Russia there were local features of the performance of round dances, associated with natural and climatic conditions, with the specifics of everyday life and work, human relationships that were formed in various living conditions.

If in the text of the song accompanying the round dance there was no specific action, plot, characters, then this is an ornamental round dance. The participants in the round dance walked in circles, in rows, braided various figures from a round dance chain, performing their step with the rhythm of the song. Sometimes ornamental round dances revealed the content of the song with their pattern and construction. The text of the songs accompanying ornamental round dances was most often associated with images of Russian nature, the collective labor of the people and their way of life. In the drawings of ornamental round dances, the element of representation was very strong - “curling a cabbage”, “braiding a wattle fence”, etc. The entire round dance consisted of only a few figures and rearrangements. In different regions of Russia, round dances were called differently: “curly”, “lace”, “patterned”. nine0003

A game round dance is a round dance, in the song of which there were characters, and a plot, action, and the content of the song was played out by all participants in the round dance. Performers with the help of dance created various images and characters of the characters. In game round dances, the main thing was the disclosure of the plot of the everyday scene. Many themes for game round dances were contained in songs about the life of the people. The choreography of the round dance organically included a scarf, ribbon, wreath, etc. These items served as symbols.

The dance was born in a round dance and left it, breaking the round dance chain, complicating the technical basis, creating its own forms and patterns, replacing the round dance with a dance song and various musical accompaniment. Dance could express various states of a person. The dance consisted of a number of separate movements - elements that differed in a characteristic manner of performance, had a Russian national flavor. Every movement in the dance was filled with meaning. A variety of movements, the number of which increased many times due to the improvisation of the performers, is a characteristic feature of Russian dance. The performer of Russian dance had very expressive hands, head, shoulders, face, hands, etc. The dance made it possible to reveal personal, individual character traits. Boys and girls, men and women, teenagers and the elderly could participate in the dance. nine0003

The dance could be accompanied by many Russian folk instruments. Instrumental accompaniment is another main feature that distinguishes dance from round dance.

The dance is a competition in strength, dexterity, ingenuity. This is a display of the artist's personality. Two guys or two men took part in the old Russian dance, the girls did not take part. The dance was performed to the accompaniment of musical instruments, less often to a song. The dance started slowly and ended at a fast pace. With the change in the way of life, the dance began to be performed by everyone (women, men, the elderly), but only two participate. The dance was performed to well-known common melodies, sometimes to ditties nine0003

Moldovan folk dance is one of the oldest types of folk dance. Moldovan folk dances are divided into ritual and household. Ritual dances included wedding dances or ritual acrobatic dances. Labor dances can also be attributed to household dances. One of the types of labor dances is poama. This dance is performed with handfuls of grapes in hand. Moldovan dances reflect the work of the people, that is, the assembly and processing of grapes. This dance is characterized by plastic, clear and soft movements.

Tatar dance has had a ritual character since ancient times. It is considered a ritual dance of shamans. In this dance, one can consider movements that seem to imitate various animals, but most often birds, for example, a wave of the arms, drawing the image of a bird. Tatar dances were not only ritual, they could also depict and convey their culture or economic structure in the dance.

Thus, we can conclude that most of the dances originated over decades and even centuries. They also changed with the change of life and were the main attributes of the holidays. Each dance has its own history of origin, which emphasizes the way of life of this people. nine0003

2.3 The impact of dance on human health

Dance accompanies us throughout our lives. There were dance lessons in the kindergarten, there were many circles at school that they were part of, energetic music sounds at various events, to which the body itself performs light and rhythmic movements. Is dancing really a part of our lives just for fun?

Dance, like sports, has a lot to do with human health. Many parents send their children to gymnastics, to various dance classes in order to strengthen their child's posture. Posture is the habitual posture of a person, in an upright position, at rest or in motion. Indeed, doctors confirm that the posture is getting better and the bones of the spine are being strengthened. Sitting at school or studying, our spine involuntarily begins to take on an irregular shape. This leads to pain in the back and neck, because the load on the spine becomes uneven, leading to various posture disorders (lardosis, kyphosis, flat back, round back, scoliosis). nine0003

Nowadays, it is often possible to meet a person with respiratory problems. Frequent exercise also affects the respiratory system. There are many complexes for breathing exercises, the implementation of which helps to improve the general condition of a person, and also reduces the likelihood of colds. So, slow dances require even and rhythmic breathing, and fast dances contribute to the fact that the lungs can increase in volume. This will help control your breathing, and the brain will receive more oxygen, which will improve memory. nine0003

Many types of dances affect the cardiovascular system, it is also important to devote a lot of time to it. Training and dancing help strengthen the cardiovascular system, slow and rhythmic movements will be cardio training after a hard day's work.

Dancing makes your brain work much better. Since in the dance we have to concentrate and at this time several parts of the brain are involved. The cerebellum is a part of the brain that is responsible for coordination, balance and muscle tone. The midbrain performs physiological functions, which include concentration, attention and orienting reflexes, and more. nine0003

Dancing, of course, requires physical fitness, and you can do it to improve it. In many types and styles of dances, flexibility, endurance and strength are developed, which will certainly come in handy in everyday life. When you dance and perform at any events, it helps you fight stage or public fear. Everyone has ever had to speak to the public, defend reports or even recite a verse in front of the whole class. Of course, we can’t say that everyone should dance or perform on stages, but what prevents you from standing at home in front of a mirror for 10 minutes and moving to your favorite music, cheer yourself up and recharge your batteries for the whole day? nine0003

2.4 Opinion of psychologists, doctors and scientists

The main topic of our project is “the influence of dance on the psycho-emotional state of a person”, touching on this topic, let's turn to the opinion of psychologists and doctors. Having studied the literature, I can say that many psychologists agree with this hypothesis.

So, Dr. A.V Shtor believes that any dances are a weapon against complexes and stresses. He explains this by the fact that the part of the motor cortex of the brain, which is responsible for movement, is located next to those structures that are responsible for our feelings, in connection with this, changes that occur in the motor cortex contribute to changes in feelings. When we dance, we release “hormones of joy” - endorphins. nine0003

Many scientists, such as A. Girshon, K. Whitaker, V. Bamberri, believe that dance improves the functioning of the nervous system, as well as the brain activity of both hemispheres: one regulates the work of figurative thinking, which is activated during improvisation in dance, and the other is responsible for logic movements.

Psychologist Irina Solovieva wrote an article about how dance affects our state. The following conclusion can be drawn from the article: unusual and new movements will help you get out of the vicious circle, break your internal patterns and let something new into your life. With the help of dance, we can free ourselves from negative emotions, as their suppression can lead to psychosomatic illnesses. nine0003

Psychosomatic diseases are mental disorders that manifest themselves at the physiological level. Psychotherapists believe that many diseases begin at the subconscious level, and then on the body. Many scientists claim that 80% of diseases are psychosomatic. Our state depends on our mood, on the ability to find and see the positive. The psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is that the symptoms and diseases of various organs are a symbolic language with which the body communicates repressed mental conflicts. nine0003

In the article you can find an opinion on how pair dance affects girls and men on an emotional level. A girl, paired with a man, can feel support and trust, and a guy can take responsibility and overcome infantilism.

Confirming the idea that dance can improve the emotional state, consider one of the areas of psychotherapy. Dance Movement Therapy (TDT) is a branch of psychotherapy that uses dance and movement as a process that promotes the emotional and physical integration of the individual. In TDT, psychotherapists adhere to a number of principles: nine0003

1. Body and mind are inseparable and have a constant mutual influence on each other;
2. Dance is a communication that takes place on three levels: with oneself, with other people and the world.
3. (The principle of integrity) The triad of thought, feeling, behavior is a single whole, and a change in one aspect entails a change in the other two.
4. The body perceives as a process, and not as an object, object or subject.
5. Appeal to the creative resources of man as an inexhaustible source of vitality and creative energy. nine0154

Now quite a relevant topic for us is the coronavirus, and one girl from the Netherlands said that dancing can help in the fight against coronavirus. Yulia Morozova is a specialist in the field of TDT. The girl, doing dance-movement therapy, expressed and explained her opinion about this as follows: when a person is under stress, his immunity decreases, and accordingly, susceptibility to diseases increases. Conversely, the release of positive emotions reduces the release of stress hormones, supporting our immunity. Therefore, it is good when a person can allow daily practices that help to cope with anxiety and uncertainty, helping to restore balance between the external and internal world. nine0003

Experimental part.

To clarify the tasks set, we conducted experiments to diagnose the psycho-emotional state and determine the level of attention of the subjects.

3.1 Object of study

The objects of the study are adolescents 15–17 years old. We selected two groups: experimental and control. Group No. 1 (control) included teenagers from 15 to 17 years old who did not dance for a long time or did not do it at all. Group 2 (experimental) included teenagers from 15 to 17 years old who are fond of dancing or do it daily. nine0003

Conditions: gym, carpet, musical accompaniment.

3.2 Research methods

In order to determine the level of attention of adolescents, as well as their psycho-emotional state, 2 tests were used.

The Münsterberg test is a psychodiagnostic test for determining selectivity and concentration of attention. The test was developed by the German-American psychologist Hugo Münsterberg at the beginning of the 20th century. This technique can be used in professional selection for specialties that require attention and high noise immunity. nine0003

Participants are provided with alphabetic text, which is a random sequence of letters. Among this alphabetic text there are words. The task of the subject: to find the words as quickly as possible by looking at the lines. Found ones are marked somehow (underlined). Look for words in the nominative case, singular. Without specific terms and abbreviations. If the subject marks the words that enter into each other or intersect, then the word of the greatest length is counted. The technique is aimed at determining the selectivity of attention. The experimenter fixes the task completion time, the number of words found, the number of words misunderstood by the subject, the number of words incorrectly underlined, and the number of words found in excess of the norm. The time to complete the task is 2 minutes. nine0003

The second test we used is the Beck Anxiety Test. A technique that has been determining the degree of anxiety in people since 1961. Available to members aged 14 and over. The test can be used for professional examinations or for people with somatic pathology.

The test contains 21 questions, participants can take the test on their own, without the help of specialists. The test results are not a diagnosis, but only indicate the likelihood of a disorder. Subjects are asked to rate their condition over the past seven days (including the day of testing). nine0003

3.3 Subject and hypothesis

Subject: dance exercises and the psycho-emotional state of the student.

Hypothesis: systematic dance classes have a positive effect on the psycho-emotional state of high school students and improve attention.

3.4 The course of the experiment

At the beginning of our experiment, we conducted a survey, during which we found out that most adolescents are confident in a change in their emotional state and their attentiveness after attending dance classes. Also, most adolescents noted that their irritability affects activity and attention in the classroom. According to the results of this survey, we found that the majority of adolescents are sure that their well-being and perception of the material in the lessons improve after attending dance classes. nine0003

The control group (No. 1) underwent the Münsterberg test to determine the level of attention in adolescents who are not involved in dancing and active activities.

The results of the Munsterberg test were processed according to the following indicators: the number of highlighted words and the number of errors (missing or incorrectly highlighted words) were evaluated. The text contains 25 words. 18 or more words were considered a good result (preferably without skipping words). Less than 18 words were considered low. nine0003

The results showed that 11 subjects passed the test with low scores, and 2 with good scores.

Group No. 1 was also asked to take a test to determine the level of anxiety according to Beck.

The results of this test were processed according to the Beck anxiety scale:

0 points - not worried at all

1 point - slightly, not too disturbing

2 points - moderately

3 points - very much I can hardly bear it. nine0003

0 to 21 - low anxiety

From 22 to 35 - average anxiety

36 and above is a potentially dangerous level of worry and anxiety.

3 subjects had moderate anxiety, and 10 had low anxiety.

For the experimental group of teenagers (No. 2) from 15 to 17 years old, it was proposed to attend dance classes every day for a month. Classes were held in the gym, with musical accompaniment. We took the movements of the flash mob as the basis of the dance, so that it was not difficult for all the subjects to perform the dance movements. nine0003

A dance flash mob is a dance movement performed by a large group of people who repeat simple dance elements. The purpose of such flash mobs is to entertain, get a lot of positive emotions and feel free from social stereotypes of behavior.

We tried to create comfortable conditions for each test subject, so that they would be distracted from the routine and recharged with positive emotions. After classes, the general atmosphere in the hall was moderate and positive. nine0003

After the end of our experiment, group No. 2 passed the tests that were offered to group No. 1.

The results of the Munsterberg test showed that the attentiveness and selectivity of the experimental group is higher. 12 subjects completed the test with 18 or more points, which is a good result and the norm.

The results of the test for determining the anxiety of the participants showed that one of the subjects had a score of more than 21, which means average anxiety, and 12 had low anxiety. Analyzing the results of the experimental group on the Beck scale, the data show low anxiety among adolescents who systematically engage in dance practices. nine0003

3.5 Results of the study and their discussion

By reading and studying the history of dance, we can confirm our hypothesis put forward earlier. The dance is indeed a part of the ancient culture of every nation and arose in the process of the main activity and historical events of each nation and reflects the milestones of its development, as well as the moments of labor activity. As a result of the work carried out, we found out that dancing classes have a positive effect on the physiological and psychological state of adolescents. Classes contribute to emotional unloading, improving the psychological state. Not complicated dance movements will help develop mindfulness. This is confirmed by the results of the Münsterberg test. The positive results of the experimental group exceed the results of the control group by 6 times, and the low results are inferior by 77%. After testing, which determined the level of anxiety of the subjects, it was found that the low level of anxiety in the control group was 15.4% less than in the experimental group, and the average level was 3 times higher. nine0003

Conclusion: In the experimental group, where dance classes were held, the level of attention is much higher than in the control group, with which such classes were not conducted. Also, the control group had an average anxiety, which affects the psycho-emotional state, while the group No. 2 had low rates. With this experiment, we confirmed our hypothesis that dancing has a positive effect on the psycho-emotional state of a person, namely, it improves attentiveness and reduces anxiety, contributing to a good psychosomatic state. nine0003

Conclusion:

In the process of studying the theoretical material, I learned a lot of interesting things about the development of dances of different peoples. In the course of the study, we confirmed the hypothesis. Dance is a part of the most ancient culture of every nation and arose in the course of the main activity and historical events of each nation and reflects the milestones of its development, as well as the moments of labor activity. If the folk dance is alive, the culture of the people is also alive. Dance breaks included in the educational processes help high school students to get used to the team and become more stress-resistant, increase the level of attention, which has a positive effect on health and academic performance. nine0003

As a result of the work carried out, we found out that dancing plays an important role in our life. They help us improve our mood and performance and improve learning outcomes.

The proposed hypothesis is considered proven. Based on the research, we have developed recommendations.

Findings:

Having become acquainted with the history of the emergence of various popular dance styles, a clear pattern can be traced. Dance arose in society at the time of its progressive development. With the help of dance, people tried to explain the phenomena of nature and "make friends" with her or ask for the protection of natural forces. With the help of dance, the correct relationship of a man and a woman as partners and their role in the community and family was emphasized. The dance served as a means of bringing like-minded people together and helped to survive difficult life situations with faith in a brighter future, truth, justice and love. Performing dance movements helped the fighters become more dexterous, and future mothers gave birth to healthy children, while maintaining their own health. In general, in the history of the development of human civilization there has always been a dance. He served as an outlet in difficult situations, supporting the spirit of people, and a means of strengthening the body in order to fight all the hardships of life. Having applied dance classes in our main activity, study, we saw positive results. Just like in all times, dance has helped us cope with difficulties in learning and interpersonal relationships. He made our school days brighter, relationships more positive, improved well-being. These wonderful emotions improved our psycho-emotional state, which had a positive effect on the assimilation of educational material. nine0003

Recommendations:

Our study confirmed the hypothesis that the use of dance classes in educational activities has an impact on improving performance and reducing anxiety. To improve physical fitness, as well as psycho-emotional state, we recommend attending dance classes at least 3 times a week. These classes will help improve and increase well-being. May have a positive effect on mental activity and health levels. Dance breaks of a thematic nature will help to learn new material, to establish communication in the team. nine0003

I recommend that elements of the dance culture of the peoples of the world be included in the lessons of history, music, and physical education. This will make the lessons more interesting, meaningful and add positive emotions to the learning activities. We recommend organizing various thematic flash mobs in school groups once a month. These activities will improve the well-being of adolescents and make their stay at school more interesting and productive in terms of learning.

Literature:

1. Bogdanov G. F. “The Tale of Russian Traditional Choreographic Folklore” Methodological guide. M.: VKhTTs, 2012 nine0154
2. Klimov A. A. "Fundamentals of Russian folk dance." -M.: Art, 1981
3. E. V. Shakhmatova "Research of European Directing and Traditions of the East". 2019.
4. Summary: Canonization of dance forms in the process of formation and development of Russian folk dance - https://refy.ru/49/183409-kanonizaciya-tancevalnyh-form-v-processe-stanovleniya-i-razvitiya-russkogo-narodnogo-tanca.html

"The influence of dancing on the child's body"

Municipal budgetary educational institution

secondary secondary school №3 with. Serafimovsky

municipal district Tuimazinsky district

of the Republic Bashkortostan

Section: Scientific discoveries tempting world”

Direction: "Man and Health"

Tuimazy, 2018

Table of contents

The concept, evolution and types of dances.